Laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection is a surgery to treat cancer low in the rectum or in the anus, close to the sphincter muscles. This surgery, which removes the anus, rectum, and sigmoid colon, is a less invasive technique that calls for five or six small incisions rather than one large incision.

An abdominoperineal resection (APR) is a surgery in which the anus, rectum and sigmoid colon are removed. This procedure is most often used to treat rectal cancers located very low in the rectum. Often this surgery occurs after you have completed radiation and/or chemotherapy treatments.

Procedure Details

How should I prepare for laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection?

Your healthcare provider will help you prepare for your abdominoperineal resection. They will discuss your medical history, any prescription drugs or supplements you’re taking, and if you have sleep apnea. Avoid smoking or drinking alcohol in the weeks leading up to your surgery as these can hinder healing.

How is abdominoperineal resection surgery performed?

This procedure is performed under general anesthesia. Steps include preparing the sigmoid colon and rectum for removal, preparing the anus for removal, and performing a colostomy. The surgery generally takes about two to three hours.

What should I expect during recovery?

Following the surgery, most people stay in the hospital for several days. You will be fitted with an ostomy pouch, and your diet will gradually increase from liquids to solid foods. You will also receive instructions on how to care for your stoma and change your ostomy bag.

Risks / Benefits

What are the advantages of laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection surgery?

The laparoscopic technique requires smaller incisions, reduces pain, decreases blood loss, reduces the risk for postoperative complications, and encourages faster healing and recovery compared to traditional open surgery.

Are there any complications?

Complications can include perineal hernia, bleeding, perineal wound problems, and perineal sinus. Treatment for these complications varies depending on severity and may include antibiotics or corrective surgery.